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Image from page 112 of “A natural history of the ducks” (1922) – The Great Fish River Museum

Image from page 112 of “A natural history of the ducks” (1922) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: naturalhistoryof01phil Title: A natural history of the ducks Year: 1922 (1920s) Authors: Phillips, John C. (John Charles), 1876-1938 Subjects: Ducks Publisher: Boston New York : Houghton Mifflin company Contributing Library: Boston Public Library Digitizing Sponsor: Boston …

Image from page 112 of “A natural history of the ducks” (1922)
The Great Fish River museum
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: naturalhistoryof01phil
Title: A natural history of the ducks
Year: 1922 (1920s)
Authors: Phillips, John C. (John Charles), 1876-1938
Subjects: Ducks
Publisher: Boston New York : Houghton Mifflin company
Contributing Library: Boston Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Public Library

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About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book

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Text Appearing Before Image:
nd has been recorded from the Kafue River (Boyd Alexander,Rhodesia 1900)- It is abundant, however, on the Upper Zambesi (Bradshaw, fide Stark andSclater, 1906; Holub and von Pelzeln, 1882) and in northwestern Bechuana Protectorateon the Botletli River (Bryden, 1893), on Lake Ngami where it is resident and presumably breeds (An-dersson, 1872), at Kanye (NicoUs and EgUngton, 1892). It is fairly abundant also in Portuguese WestSouthwest Africa, south of the Cuanza River, where it was found at Kakondo, on the Kunene,^^^^^ at Huilla, Gambos and Humbe (Barboza de Socage, 1877-81). According to Fleck (1894) it occurs in former German Southwest Africa near Rehoboth, Fish River, and Andersson(1872) describes it as common in the rainy season in Damaraland and Great Namaqualand, and breed-ing in Ovampoland. South of the Orange River the present species occurs only as a rare straggler. It has been taken onthe Kleinmont River, Bathurst Division (Layard, 1875-84), and once in Pondoland, Cape Colony

Text Appearing After Image:
COMB or KNOB-BILLED DUCK 71 (Horsbrugh, 1912). A specimen had apparently been taken also in Natal some time before 1862 (Scla-ter. Ibis, ser. 1, vol. 4, p. 284,1862). There is no record of its occurrence in the Orange South Af-River Colony, but it has been taken on the Molopo River near Mafeking, southwestern rica; OrangeTransvaal (W. Ayres, 1887; Shelley, 1882) at Potchefstroom (Barratt, 1876; W. Ayres, ^^^^^1887) and at Rustenburg (W. Ayres, 1887). According to C. H. Taylor (1907), it is resident andbreeds in southeastern Transvaal in the Amersfoort District, and Haagner (1914) re- q,cently discovered it breeding on the Crocodile River in the same general region, this be-ing the southernmost breeding record. Between the Limpopo and the Zambesi, that is in southern Rhodesia, the species has been fre-quently found. There are specimens from the Tati River in the South African Museum, and F. Oates(1881) found it on the Ramaquaban River. It is common during the rains on the Que Que River

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Image from page 457 of “The history of birds : their varieties and oddities, comprising graphic descriptions of nearly all known species of birds, with fishes and insects, the world over, and illustrating their varied habits, modes of life, and distinguis – The Great Fish River Museum

Image from page 457 of “The history of birds : their varieties and oddities, comprising graphic descriptions of nearly all known species of birds, with fishes and insects, the world over, and illustrating their varied habits, modes of life, and distinguis Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: historyofbirdsth00bing Title: The history of birds : …

Image from page 457 of “The history of birds : their varieties and oddities, comprising graphic descriptions of nearly all known species of birds, with fishes and insects, the world over, and illustrating their varied habits, modes of life, and distinguis
The Great Fish River museum
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: historyofbirdsth00bing
Title: The history of birds : their varieties and oddities, comprising graphic descriptions of nearly all known species of birds, with fishes and insects, the world over, and illustrating their varied habits, modes of life, and distinguishing peculiarities by means of delightful anecdotes and spirited engravings
Year: 1880 (1880s)
Authors: Bingley, William, 1774-1823
Subjects: Birds Zoology
Publisher: Philadelphia : Edgewood Publishing Co.
Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Text Appearing Before Image:
water is thick. As the winterfipproaches, these haunt? are changed foi<leep and still waters. The Roach is so silly a fish, that it has acquired the name of theWater-sheep^ in contradistinction to the Carp, which from its subtletyis termed the River-fox. Sound as a Boaeh, is a proverb that appearsimt indifferently founded. This is a handsome fish, either in the water or when immediatelytaken out of it. The flesh, although reckoned wholesome, is in littleesteem, on account of the great quantity of bones. When Roach arein season, their scales are very smooth; but when they are out of sea-son, these feel like the rough side of an oyster-shell. Their fins alsoare geneially red when the animals are in perfection. These fishdiffer much in quality, according to the rivers in which they aracaught. None are good that are kept in ponds. Roach feed on aquatic plants and vermes. Their usual weight iafrom half a pound to two pounds. Some, however, have been knownto weigt as much as five pounds.

Text Appearing After Image:
454 THE GOLD-FISH. The baits used in catching Roach are various kinds of worms, flies,and pastes. The time for angling is, in mild cloudy weather, all theday; in hot weather, only in the mornings and evenings; and in coldweather; during the middle of the day. THE GOLD-FISH. Gold-fish are natives of China; and the most beautiful kinds are caught in a small lake in the pro-vince of Chekyang, at the foot of amountain called Tsyen-king. Theywere first introduced into Englandabout the year 16J>1, but were notgenerally known till thirty yearsafterwards._ In China they are kept in ponds, or large porcelain vessels, byalmost every person of distinction. In these they are Yery lively andactive, sporting about the surface of the water with great vivacity;but they are so delicate, that, if cannon be fired, or any substancegiving out a powerful smell, as pitch or tar, are barned near them,great numbers will be killed. In each of the ponds or basins wherethey are kept, there is an earthen pan,

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Manali Trip 2008

Manali Trip 2008 Image by DJ SINGH Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The …

Manali Trip 2008
The Great Fish River museum
Image by DJ SINGH
Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and its surrounding areas are of great significance to the Indian culture and heritage as it was the home and abode of the Saptarshi or seven sages. The ancient cave temple, Hidimba Devi Temple, is not far from town.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Geography
* 2 Demographics
* 3 Etymology
* 4 History
* 5 Transport
* 6 Tourism in Manali
o 6.1 Tourist Attractions
o 6.2 Places around Manali
o 6.3 Adventure Sports
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

[edit] Geography

Manali is located at [show location on an interactive map] 32°10?N 77°06?E? / ?32.16, 77.1[1]. It has an average elevation of 2625 metres (8612 feet).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 63%. In Manali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Etymology

Manali is named after the Brahmin lawgiver Manu. The word Manali literally means “the abode of Manu”. Legend has it that sage Manu stepped off his ark in Manali to recreate human life after a great flood had deluged the world. Manali is known as the "Valley of the Gods". The Old Manali village has an ancient temple dedicated to sage Manu.

[edit] History

In ancient times, the valley was sparsely populated by nomadic hunters known as "rakshas". The next arrivals were the shepherds who arrived from the Kangra valley and settled to take up agriculture. Some of the earliest inhabitants of the region are the ‘naur’ or ‘nar’, which is a caste unique to the Kullu valley. Only a few naur families are known to exist now. A naur family in the village Soyal near Haripur on the west bank of Manali was famous for the vast land they owned and their practice of having ‘rakshas’ as their labourers.

The British were responsible for introducing apples and trout which were not native to Manali. It is said that when apple trees were first planted the fruits were so plentiful that often branches, unable to bear the weight would collapse. To this day apple along with plum and pear remains the best source of income for the majority of its inhabitants.

Tourism in Manali received a real boost after the rise of militancy in Kashmir in the late 1980s. This once quiet village was transformed into a bustling town with hundreds of hotels and restaurants.

[edit] Transport
Mall street, Manali

Manali is well connected by road to Delhi through NH-21 which goes on the Leh and is the world’s highest motorable road.[citation needed] Leading up to Manali from New Delhi are the towns of Panipat and Ambala in Haryana, Chandigarh(Union Territory), Ropar in Punjab, and Bilaspur, Sundernagar, and Mandi in Himachal.

Manali is not easily approachable by rail. The nearest broad gauge railheads are at Chandigarh (315 km), Pathankot (325 km) and Kalka (310 km). The nearest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar (135 km)

The nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is about 50 km from Manali. The only private airline in the region is Jagson Airlines. Offlate services have been started by Air Deccan as well as Indian Airlines who fly daily to Bhuntar Airport.

[edit] Tourism in Manali
Traditional home, Manali, 2004
River Beas and mountains as seen from Van Vihar
A view of Rohtang Pass in Manali
Mountain ranges in Manali
Bridge in the middle of town with prayer flags
Buddha Statue at Buddhist monastery
Image:Snowfallinmanali.JPG
A view of Circuit House Road covered in snow

[edit] Tourist Attractions

Manali is a popular Himalayan tourist destination and accounts for nearly a quarter of all tourist arrivals in Himachal Pradesh. It is visited by many trekkers who follow the hashish trail. Manali’s charas is considered to be the best in India. The valleys provide natural U.V lights as fields are high up the mountain and high grade grows directly from the sunlight.ala. Manali’s cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. It is famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, para gliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. It also offers hot springs, spectacular religious shrines and temples, Tibetan Buddhist temples, and trekking in the surrounding mountains.

Naggar Fort south of Manali is a reminder of the 1500 year old Pal Dynasty. Made from rocks, stones, and elaborate wood carvings, it is an ensemble of the rich and elegant artworks of Himachal. The castle was later converted to a rest house and luxury hotel. Tourists often stop at the castle to see the small shrine located in the building’s courtyard, a fine example of architecture and design from the Pal Dynasty.

The often visited site in Manali is the Dhungri or Hadimba Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hadimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hadimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

[edit] Places around Manali

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be cold even on a summer day. It is the highest point on the Manali-Keylong road and provides a wide panoramic view of mountains rising far above clouds, which is truly breath taking. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby. In winter, the road of Rothang Pass is closed.

Rahala waterfalls: About 16 km from Manali at the start of the climb to the Rohtang Pass, are the beautiful Rahalla Falls at an altitude of 2,501 m.

Monasteries: Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. It is maintained by donations from the local community and by sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

Rani Nala – 46 km from Manali, it is the glacier point where snow is available throughout the year.

Vashist Hot Water Springs and Temple: Around 3 km from Manali, across the Beas river is Vashist, a small village with natural sulphur springs. Modern bathhouses,now closed, due to a conflict with the elders of the village and Manali council. Vasistha [3] a sage narrated Yoga Vasishtha an ancient scripture to Rama. A unique and an extremely profound discourse, that provides innumerable insights and secrets to the inner world of consciousness. This extremely huge scripture covers all the topics that relate to the spiritual study of a seeker. Vaishisht, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. In this ornate quadrangle is the resting place of the local and transient sadhus, drinking chai, and smoking chillums with whoever will join them in reverence to The Lord Shiva and Guru Vashshist. The temple baths are separated into male and female and the water is often unbearably hot.

Solang valley, popularly known as Snow Point, is 13 km northwest of Manali and famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Manikaran: 85 km from Manali and 45 km from Kullu, lies in the Parvati Valley. Here icy cold waters of the Parvati river co-exist with hot-water springs side-by-side. The springs are known for their healing properties.

[edit] Adventure Sports

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.
Skiing at Solang

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12 km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6 km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

For the best trekking expedition, take a trek from Solang Valley, on to Dhundhi and from there to Dussar lake and then onwards to Manali. This stretch will take you to places you would have only dreamt of. Pure, unadulterated adventure and fun. Be sure to have a good guide at your disposal who knows this area otherwise you would be lost forever. The trek would typically last for 5 days.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

Beas Kund is the lake from which the River Beas originates. It is considered holy and sacred. Besides being a holy pilgrimage place, it is a popular destination for trekking.
River Crossing over Beas is a popular sport in Manali

Manali is among the most popular adventure sports destinations in India. Manali offers opportunities for mountaineering, skiing, trekking, paragliding, white water rafting, river crossing and mountain biking. Yak skiing is a sport unique to this area.[4]. Manali also featured in Time magazine’s "Best of Asia" for its "Extreme Yak Sports".[4]

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa Image by South African Tourism This Nieu Bethesda image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
Image by South African Tourism

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Projected Window

Projected Window Image by tubblesnap Bolton Abbey church. This Valley of Desolation image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Projected Window
Valley of Desolation
Image by tubblesnap
Bolton Abbey church.

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_MG_0966.jpg

_MG_0966.jpg Image by Dani Bora A street seller near the Owl House, Nieu Bethesda, South Africa, with one of her creations This Nieu Bethesda image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

_MG_0966.jpg
Nieu Bethesda
Image by Dani Bora
A street seller near the Owl House, Nieu Bethesda, South Africa, with one of her creations

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Manali Trip 2008 – The Great Fish River Museum

Manali Trip 2008 Image by DJ SINGH Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The …

Manali Trip 2008
The Great Fish River museum
Image by DJ SINGH
Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and its surrounding areas are of great significance to the Indian culture and heritage as it was the home and abode of the Saptarshi or seven sages. The ancient cave temple, Hidimba Devi Temple, is not far from town.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Geography
* 2 Demographics
* 3 Etymology
* 4 History
* 5 Transport
* 6 Tourism in Manali
o 6.1 Tourist Attractions
o 6.2 Places around Manali
o 6.3 Adventure Sports
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

[edit] Geography

Manali is located at [show location on an interactive map] 32°10?N 77°06?E? / ?32.16, 77.1[1]. It has an average elevation of 2625 metres (8612 feet).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 63%. In Manali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Etymology

Manali is named after the Brahmin lawgiver Manu. The word Manali literally means “the abode of Manu”. Legend has it that sage Manu stepped off his ark in Manali to recreate human life after a great flood had deluged the world. Manali is known as the "Valley of the Gods". The Old Manali village has an ancient temple dedicated to sage Manu.

[edit] History

In ancient times, the valley was sparsely populated by nomadic hunters known as "rakshas". The next arrivals were the shepherds who arrived from the Kangra valley and settled to take up agriculture. Some of the earliest inhabitants of the region are the ‘naur’ or ‘nar’, which is a caste unique to the Kullu valley. Only a few naur families are known to exist now. A naur family in the village Soyal near Haripur on the west bank of Manali was famous for the vast land they owned and their practice of having ‘rakshas’ as their labourers.

The British were responsible for introducing apples and trout which were not native to Manali. It is said that when apple trees were first planted the fruits were so plentiful that often branches, unable to bear the weight would collapse. To this day apple along with plum and pear remains the best source of income for the majority of its inhabitants.

Tourism in Manali received a real boost after the rise of militancy in Kashmir in the late 1980s. This once quiet village was transformed into a bustling town with hundreds of hotels and restaurants.

[edit] Transport
Mall street, Manali

Manali is well connected by road to Delhi through NH-21 which goes on the Leh and is the world’s highest motorable road.[citation needed] Leading up to Manali from New Delhi are the towns of Panipat and Ambala in Haryana, Chandigarh(Union Territory), Ropar in Punjab, and Bilaspur, Sundernagar, and Mandi in Himachal.

Manali is not easily approachable by rail. The nearest broad gauge railheads are at Chandigarh (315 km), Pathankot (325 km) and Kalka (310 km). The nearest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar (135 km)

The nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is about 50 km from Manali. The only private airline in the region is Jagson Airlines. Offlate services have been started by Air Deccan as well as Indian Airlines who fly daily to Bhuntar Airport.

[edit] Tourism in Manali
Traditional home, Manali, 2004
River Beas and mountains as seen from Van Vihar
A view of Rohtang Pass in Manali
Mountain ranges in Manali
Bridge in the middle of town with prayer flags
Buddha Statue at Buddhist monastery
Image:Snowfallinmanali.JPG
A view of Circuit House Road covered in snow

[edit] Tourist Attractions

Manali is a popular Himalayan tourist destination and accounts for nearly a quarter of all tourist arrivals in Himachal Pradesh. It is visited by many trekkers who follow the hashish trail. Manali’s charas is considered to be the best in India. The valleys provide natural U.V lights as fields are high up the mountain and high grade grows directly from the sunlight.ala. Manali’s cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. It is famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, para gliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. It also offers hot springs, spectacular religious shrines and temples, Tibetan Buddhist temples, and trekking in the surrounding mountains.

Naggar Fort south of Manali is a reminder of the 1500 year old Pal Dynasty. Made from rocks, stones, and elaborate wood carvings, it is an ensemble of the rich and elegant artworks of Himachal. The castle was later converted to a rest house and luxury hotel. Tourists often stop at the castle to see the small shrine located in the building’s courtyard, a fine example of architecture and design from the Pal Dynasty.

The often visited site in Manali is the Dhungri or Hadimba Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hadimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hadimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

[edit] Places around Manali

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be cold even on a summer day. It is the highest point on the Manali-Keylong road and provides a wide panoramic view of mountains rising far above clouds, which is truly breath taking. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby. In winter, the road of Rothang Pass is closed.

Rahala waterfalls: About 16 km from Manali at the start of the climb to the Rohtang Pass, are the beautiful Rahalla Falls at an altitude of 2,501 m.

Monasteries: Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. It is maintained by donations from the local community and by sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

Rani Nala – 46 km from Manali, it is the glacier point where snow is available throughout the year.

Vashist Hot Water Springs and Temple: Around 3 km from Manali, across the Beas river is Vashist, a small village with natural sulphur springs. Modern bathhouses,now closed, due to a conflict with the elders of the village and Manali council. Vasistha [3] a sage narrated Yoga Vasishtha an ancient scripture to Rama. A unique and an extremely profound discourse, that provides innumerable insights and secrets to the inner world of consciousness. This extremely huge scripture covers all the topics that relate to the spiritual study of a seeker. Vaishisht, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. In this ornate quadrangle is the resting place of the local and transient sadhus, drinking chai, and smoking chillums with whoever will join them in reverence to The Lord Shiva and Guru Vashshist. The temple baths are separated into male and female and the water is often unbearably hot.

Solang valley, popularly known as Snow Point, is 13 km northwest of Manali and famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Manikaran: 85 km from Manali and 45 km from Kullu, lies in the Parvati Valley. Here icy cold waters of the Parvati river co-exist with hot-water springs side-by-side. The springs are known for their healing properties.

[edit] Adventure Sports

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.
Skiing at Solang

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12 km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6 km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

For the best trekking expedition, take a trek from Solang Valley, on to Dhundhi and from there to Dussar lake and then onwards to Manali. This stretch will take you to places you would have only dreamt of. Pure, unadulterated adventure and fun. Be sure to have a good guide at your disposal who knows this area otherwise you would be lost forever. The trek would typically last for 5 days.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

Beas Kund is the lake from which the River Beas originates. It is considered holy and sacred. Besides being a holy pilgrimage place, it is a popular destination for trekking.
River Crossing over Beas is a popular sport in Manali

Manali is among the most popular adventure sports destinations in India. Manali offers opportunities for mountaineering, skiing, trekking, paragliding, white water rafting, river crossing and mountain biking. Yak skiing is a sport unique to this area.[4]. Manali also featured in Time magazine’s "Best of Asia" for its "Extreme Yak Sports".[4]

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Manali Trip 2008 – The Great Fish River Museum

Manali Trip 2008 Image by DJ SINGH Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The …

Manali Trip 2008
The Great Fish River museum
Image by DJ SINGH
Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and its surrounding areas are of great significance to the Indian culture and heritage as it was the home and abode of the Saptarshi or seven sages. The ancient cave temple, Hidimba Devi Temple, is not far from town.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Geography
* 2 Demographics
* 3 Etymology
* 4 History
* 5 Transport
* 6 Tourism in Manali
o 6.1 Tourist Attractions
o 6.2 Places around Manali
o 6.3 Adventure Sports
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

[edit] Geography

Manali is located at [show location on an interactive map] 32°10?N 77°06?E? / ?32.16, 77.1[1]. It has an average elevation of 2625 metres (8612 feet).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 63%. In Manali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Etymology

Manali is named after the Brahmin lawgiver Manu. The word Manali literally means “the abode of Manu”. Legend has it that sage Manu stepped off his ark in Manali to recreate human life after a great flood had deluged the world. Manali is known as the "Valley of the Gods". The Old Manali village has an ancient temple dedicated to sage Manu.

[edit] History

In ancient times, the valley was sparsely populated by nomadic hunters known as "rakshas". The next arrivals were the shepherds who arrived from the Kangra valley and settled to take up agriculture. Some of the earliest inhabitants of the region are the ‘naur’ or ‘nar’, which is a caste unique to the Kullu valley. Only a few naur families are known to exist now. A naur family in the village Soyal near Haripur on the west bank of Manali was famous for the vast land they owned and their practice of having ‘rakshas’ as their labourers.

The British were responsible for introducing apples and trout which were not native to Manali. It is said that when apple trees were first planted the fruits were so plentiful that often branches, unable to bear the weight would collapse. To this day apple along with plum and pear remains the best source of income for the majority of its inhabitants.

Tourism in Manali received a real boost after the rise of militancy in Kashmir in the late 1980s. This once quiet village was transformed into a bustling town with hundreds of hotels and restaurants.

[edit] Transport
Mall street, Manali

Manali is well connected by road to Delhi through NH-21 which goes on the Leh and is the world’s highest motorable road.[citation needed] Leading up to Manali from New Delhi are the towns of Panipat and Ambala in Haryana, Chandigarh(Union Territory), Ropar in Punjab, and Bilaspur, Sundernagar, and Mandi in Himachal.

Manali is not easily approachable by rail. The nearest broad gauge railheads are at Chandigarh (315 km), Pathankot (325 km) and Kalka (310 km). The nearest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar (135 km)

The nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is about 50 km from Manali. The only private airline in the region is Jagson Airlines. Offlate services have been started by Air Deccan as well as Indian Airlines who fly daily to Bhuntar Airport.

[edit] Tourism in Manali
Traditional home, Manali, 2004
River Beas and mountains as seen from Van Vihar
A view of Rohtang Pass in Manali
Mountain ranges in Manali
Bridge in the middle of town with prayer flags
Buddha Statue at Buddhist monastery
Image:Snowfallinmanali.JPG
A view of Circuit House Road covered in snow

[edit] Tourist Attractions

Manali is a popular Himalayan tourist destination and accounts for nearly a quarter of all tourist arrivals in Himachal Pradesh. It is visited by many trekkers who follow the hashish trail. Manali’s charas is considered to be the best in India. The valleys provide natural U.V lights as fields are high up the mountain and high grade grows directly from the sunlight.ala. Manali’s cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. It is famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, para gliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. It also offers hot springs, spectacular religious shrines and temples, Tibetan Buddhist temples, and trekking in the surrounding mountains.

Naggar Fort south of Manali is a reminder of the 1500 year old Pal Dynasty. Made from rocks, stones, and elaborate wood carvings, it is an ensemble of the rich and elegant artworks of Himachal. The castle was later converted to a rest house and luxury hotel. Tourists often stop at the castle to see the small shrine located in the building’s courtyard, a fine example of architecture and design from the Pal Dynasty.

The often visited site in Manali is the Dhungri or Hadimba Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hadimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hadimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

[edit] Places around Manali

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be cold even on a summer day. It is the highest point on the Manali-Keylong road and provides a wide panoramic view of mountains rising far above clouds, which is truly breath taking. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby. In winter, the road of Rothang Pass is closed.

Rahala waterfalls: About 16 km from Manali at the start of the climb to the Rohtang Pass, are the beautiful Rahalla Falls at an altitude of 2,501 m.

Monasteries: Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. It is maintained by donations from the local community and by sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

Rani Nala – 46 km from Manali, it is the glacier point where snow is available throughout the year.

Vashist Hot Water Springs and Temple: Around 3 km from Manali, across the Beas river is Vashist, a small village with natural sulphur springs. Modern bathhouses,now closed, due to a conflict with the elders of the village and Manali council. Vasistha [3] a sage narrated Yoga Vasishtha an ancient scripture to Rama. A unique and an extremely profound discourse, that provides innumerable insights and secrets to the inner world of consciousness. This extremely huge scripture covers all the topics that relate to the spiritual study of a seeker. Vaishisht, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. In this ornate quadrangle is the resting place of the local and transient sadhus, drinking chai, and smoking chillums with whoever will join them in reverence to The Lord Shiva and Guru Vashshist. The temple baths are separated into male and female and the water is often unbearably hot.

Solang valley, popularly known as Snow Point, is 13 km northwest of Manali and famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Manikaran: 85 km from Manali and 45 km from Kullu, lies in the Parvati Valley. Here icy cold waters of the Parvati river co-exist with hot-water springs side-by-side. The springs are known for their healing properties.

[edit] Adventure Sports

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.
Skiing at Solang

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12 km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6 km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

For the best trekking expedition, take a trek from Solang Valley, on to Dhundhi and from there to Dussar lake and then onwards to Manali. This stretch will take you to places you would have only dreamt of. Pure, unadulterated adventure and fun. Be sure to have a good guide at your disposal who knows this area otherwise you would be lost forever. The trek would typically last for 5 days.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

Beas Kund is the lake from which the River Beas originates. It is considered holy and sacred. Besides being a holy pilgrimage place, it is a popular destination for trekking.
River Crossing over Beas is a popular sport in Manali

Manali is among the most popular adventure sports destinations in India. Manali offers opportunities for mountaineering, skiing, trekking, paragliding, white water rafting, river crossing and mountain biking. Yak skiing is a sport unique to this area.[4]. Manali also featured in Time magazine’s "Best of Asia" for its "Extreme Yak Sports".[4]

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa – Nieu Bethesda

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa Image by South African Tourism This Nieu Bethesda image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
Image by South African Tourism

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Image from page 429 of “Birds, beasts and fishes of the Norfolk broadland” (1895) – The Great Fish River Museum

Image from page 429 of “Birds, beasts and fishes of the Norfolk broadland” (1895) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: birdsbeastsfishe00emer Title: Birds, beasts and fishes of the Norfolk broadland Year: 1895 (1890s) Authors: Emerson, P. H. (Peter Henry), 1856-1936 Cotton, T. A Subjects: Birds — England Norfolk Fishes — England Norfolk Mammals — …

Image from page 429 of “Birds, beasts and fishes of the Norfolk broadland” (1895)
The Great Fish River museum
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: birdsbeastsfishe00emer
Title: Birds, beasts and fishes of the Norfolk broadland
Year: 1895 (1890s)
Authors: Emerson, P. H. (Peter Henry), 1856-1936 Cotton, T. A
Subjects: Birds — England Norfolk Fishes — England Norfolk Mammals — England Norfolk
Publisher: London : D. Nutt
Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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well known, returning the following springto spawn on the flats of Breydon—at least so say the menof Breydon; whereas I believe the broad-nosed eel spawnsin a weed called lambs tail, to be found on most of thebroads and in the dikes. I have seen this weed full ofelvers. Of course many of the Broadsmen say eels young ; andone old man says he tells by looking into an eels mouthwhether it has young, and he is fully convinced he has takensixteen young elvers out of an eel. But one thing seems certain about the eel: he is capitaleating. A nice silver-bellied eel, from half a pound to a poundweight, is the sweetest fish to eat, as a salt-water eel like theBreydon eel is the most delicately flavoured. Whilst living 2,70 BIRDS, BEASTS, AND FISHES on the Broads I have cooked them in a bouillabaisse, withvegetables ; fried them (skins on); stewed them; and cookedthem a la viatelote. The bouillabaisse is the best way, Ithink, and so prepared they are a dehcate dish, fit for anygood sportsman.

Text Appearing After Image:
AN EEL-CABIN ON GREAT HOVETON BROAD. CHAPTER XII THE PERCH As you walk by the rivers where the kingcups blaze, andthe frogs are croaking in the month of April, you will see,perchance, lovely wreaths of perch spawn hanging round thesere amber reed-stalks. And should you unwind one of thesespawn-wreaths from the reed and hold it against the azure,you will find it looks more beautiful still, and recalls a hol-low tubular bracelet, made of pure glass beads. Some ofthese lovely necklets lie on the surface of the water, some farbelow, lying on the weedy depths, most commonly on hair-weed. And if you watch the place closely, you will see theexhausted fish at times lying on the bottom after the spawn-ing is over. When they recover a little they return to thedeepest holes round about, for the perch loves deep waterand a gravel bottom. In these holes they stay feedingravenously on worms, an they can get them, for they bitefuriously and fast after spawning, but are useless for food whencaught. W

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Image from page 294 of “The Rockies of Canada;” (1909)

Image from page 294 of “The Rockies of Canada;” (1909) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: rockiesofcanad00wilc Title: The Rockies of Canada; Year: 1909 (1900s) Authors: Wilcox, Walter Dwight, 1869- [from old catalog] Subjects: Publisher: New York and London, G. P. Putnam’s sons Contributing Library: The Library of Congress Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of …

Image from page 294 of “The Rockies of Canada;” (1909)
Valley of Desolation
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: rockiesofcanad00wilc
Title: The Rockies of Canada;
Year: 1909 (1900s)
Authors: Wilcox, Walter Dwight, 1869- [from old catalog]
Subjects:
Publisher: New York and London, G. P. Putnam’s sons
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two p.m., saying he had beennearly to Eldon, in the Bow valley, east of ourcamp. Again in the evening we both set out, I upthe ridge, and Ross towards the muskegs andmeadows below our camp to the north. No signof our animals was discovered. A curious effect i 182 mat>a way back to woods, to find a good ses. Tht nile to camp was torrent with aks and noble her side. Oi was more than diameter. Tb egion, for a mile veritable par larch, and in picas, marmot nes, one of I came upon as I api evenii; ind>f sleet anfull, and li the clouds orm cene seeping The evexgrecns . . . battle with storm and avalanche andOVer the ^^V^^Wund into those forbidding heights^m^^^ghOStly m&mmttgn-dOUd WkitenS theSround ^tf^.»ha|p_ lined shadows of the were thrown in bright moonligh overed tent. Rain in the mornin nth day of consecutive :h is past ent for the u:h de- g mar ency h^ dis- Ross se, >rning, about « lad been of our t out, I up Ross >kegs and our c h. No sign als was di urious effect

Text Appearing After Image:
©ur Iborses ^Disappear 183 on our imagination was made by our trying to hearthe bell. Both of us fancied we could hear it, ring-ing constantly, in one direction or another, thoughwe could not agree upon the locality. It was useless to waste more time hunting overthe vast extent of open country that surrounded ourcamp, so I decided to send Ross back to Laggan, andthen by rail to Banff, for more horses, or another manto find our own. Owing to the cold weather I hadno doubt we would be able to cross the streamswhich come out of Desolation and Paradise valleys.In the morning at eight oclock Ross started for Laggan.Left absolutely alone in the wilderness for the first time,I spent the entire morning gathering fire-wood whichthe miners had cut, and making camp comfortable andneat. At night I banked the camp-fire, and in themorning, after eleven hours, it was still burning. August 25th. Fog and snow showers were thecurtain raiser this morning. The continuous per-formance began at ten oclock

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Manali Trip 2008

Manali Trip 2008 Image by DJ SINGH Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The …

Manali Trip 2008
The Great Fish River museum
Image by DJ SINGH
Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and its surrounding areas are of great significance to the Indian culture and heritage as it was the home and abode of the Saptarshi or seven sages. The ancient cave temple, Hidimba Devi Temple, is not far from town.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Geography
* 2 Demographics
* 3 Etymology
* 4 History
* 5 Transport
* 6 Tourism in Manali
o 6.1 Tourist Attractions
o 6.2 Places around Manali
o 6.3 Adventure Sports
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

[edit] Geography

Manali is located at [show location on an interactive map] 32°10?N 77°06?E? / ?32.16, 77.1[1]. It has an average elevation of 2625 metres (8612 feet).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 63%. In Manali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Etymology

Manali is named after the Brahmin lawgiver Manu. The word Manali literally means “the abode of Manu”. Legend has it that sage Manu stepped off his ark in Manali to recreate human life after a great flood had deluged the world. Manali is known as the "Valley of the Gods". The Old Manali village has an ancient temple dedicated to sage Manu.

[edit] History

In ancient times, the valley was sparsely populated by nomadic hunters known as "rakshas". The next arrivals were the shepherds who arrived from the Kangra valley and settled to take up agriculture. Some of the earliest inhabitants of the region are the ‘naur’ or ‘nar’, which is a caste unique to the Kullu valley. Only a few naur families are known to exist now. A naur family in the village Soyal near Haripur on the west bank of Manali was famous for the vast land they owned and their practice of having ‘rakshas’ as their labourers.

The British were responsible for introducing apples and trout which were not native to Manali. It is said that when apple trees were first planted the fruits were so plentiful that often branches, unable to bear the weight would collapse. To this day apple along with plum and pear remains the best source of income for the majority of its inhabitants.

Tourism in Manali received a real boost after the rise of militancy in Kashmir in the late 1980s. This once quiet village was transformed into a bustling town with hundreds of hotels and restaurants.

[edit] Transport
Mall street, Manali

Manali is well connected by road to Delhi through NH-21 which goes on the Leh and is the world’s highest motorable road.[citation needed] Leading up to Manali from New Delhi are the towns of Panipat and Ambala in Haryana, Chandigarh(Union Territory), Ropar in Punjab, and Bilaspur, Sundernagar, and Mandi in Himachal.

Manali is not easily approachable by rail. The nearest broad gauge railheads are at Chandigarh (315 km), Pathankot (325 km) and Kalka (310 km). The nearest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar (135 km)

The nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is about 50 km from Manali. The only private airline in the region is Jagson Airlines. Offlate services have been started by Air Deccan as well as Indian Airlines who fly daily to Bhuntar Airport.

[edit] Tourism in Manali
Traditional home, Manali, 2004
River Beas and mountains as seen from Van Vihar
A view of Rohtang Pass in Manali
Mountain ranges in Manali
Bridge in the middle of town with prayer flags
Buddha Statue at Buddhist monastery
Image:Snowfallinmanali.JPG
A view of Circuit House Road covered in snow

[edit] Tourist Attractions

Manali is a popular Himalayan tourist destination and accounts for nearly a quarter of all tourist arrivals in Himachal Pradesh. It is visited by many trekkers who follow the hashish trail. Manali’s charas is considered to be the best in India. The valleys provide natural U.V lights as fields are high up the mountain and high grade grows directly from the sunlight.ala. Manali’s cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. It is famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, para gliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. It also offers hot springs, spectacular religious shrines and temples, Tibetan Buddhist temples, and trekking in the surrounding mountains.

Naggar Fort south of Manali is a reminder of the 1500 year old Pal Dynasty. Made from rocks, stones, and elaborate wood carvings, it is an ensemble of the rich and elegant artworks of Himachal. The castle was later converted to a rest house and luxury hotel. Tourists often stop at the castle to see the small shrine located in the building’s courtyard, a fine example of architecture and design from the Pal Dynasty.

The often visited site in Manali is the Dhungri or Hadimba Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hadimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hadimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

[edit] Places around Manali

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be cold even on a summer day. It is the highest point on the Manali-Keylong road and provides a wide panoramic view of mountains rising far above clouds, which is truly breath taking. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby. In winter, the road of Rothang Pass is closed.

Rahala waterfalls: About 16 km from Manali at the start of the climb to the Rohtang Pass, are the beautiful Rahalla Falls at an altitude of 2,501 m.

Monasteries: Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. It is maintained by donations from the local community and by sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

Rani Nala – 46 km from Manali, it is the glacier point where snow is available throughout the year.

Vashist Hot Water Springs and Temple: Around 3 km from Manali, across the Beas river is Vashist, a small village with natural sulphur springs. Modern bathhouses,now closed, due to a conflict with the elders of the village and Manali council. Vasistha [3] a sage narrated Yoga Vasishtha an ancient scripture to Rama. A unique and an extremely profound discourse, that provides innumerable insights and secrets to the inner world of consciousness. This extremely huge scripture covers all the topics that relate to the spiritual study of a seeker. Vaishisht, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. In this ornate quadrangle is the resting place of the local and transient sadhus, drinking chai, and smoking chillums with whoever will join them in reverence to The Lord Shiva and Guru Vashshist. The temple baths are separated into male and female and the water is often unbearably hot.

Solang valley, popularly known as Snow Point, is 13 km northwest of Manali and famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Manikaran: 85 km from Manali and 45 km from Kullu, lies in the Parvati Valley. Here icy cold waters of the Parvati river co-exist with hot-water springs side-by-side. The springs are known for their healing properties.

[edit] Adventure Sports

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.
Skiing at Solang

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12 km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6 km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

For the best trekking expedition, take a trek from Solang Valley, on to Dhundhi and from there to Dussar lake and then onwards to Manali. This stretch will take you to places you would have only dreamt of. Pure, unadulterated adventure and fun. Be sure to have a good guide at your disposal who knows this area otherwise you would be lost forever. The trek would typically last for 5 days.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

Beas Kund is the lake from which the River Beas originates. It is considered holy and sacred. Besides being a holy pilgrimage place, it is a popular destination for trekking.
River Crossing over Beas is a popular sport in Manali

Manali is among the most popular adventure sports destinations in India. Manali offers opportunities for mountaineering, skiing, trekking, paragliding, white water rafting, river crossing and mountain biking. Yak skiing is a sport unique to this area.[4]. Manali also featured in Time magazine’s "Best of Asia" for its "Extreme Yak Sports".[4]

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa Image by South African Tourism This Nieu Bethesda image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
Image by South African Tourism

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Image from page 89 of “Footprints through Dixie : everyday life of the man under a musket : on the firing line, and in the trenches, 1862-1865” (1919) – Valley Of Desolation

Image from page 89 of “Footprints through Dixie : everyday life of the man under a musket : on the firing line, and in the trenches, 1862-1865” (1919) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: footprintsthroug00gask Title: Footprints through Dixie : everyday life of the man under a musket : on the firing line, and …

Image from page 89 of “Footprints through Dixie : everyday life of the man under a musket : on the firing line, and in the trenches, 1862-1865” (1919)
Valley of Desolation
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: footprintsthroug00gask
Title: Footprints through Dixie : everyday life of the man under a musket : on the firing line, and in the trenches, 1862-1865
Year: 1919 (1910s)
Authors: Gaskill, J. W. (Joseph W.)
Subjects: United States. Army. Ohio Infantry Regiment, 23rd (1861-1865) United States — History Civil War, 1861-1865 Personal narratives United States — History Civil War, 1861-1865 Regimental histories
Publisher: Alliance, Ohio : [Bradshaw Printing Company]
Contributing Library: New York Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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Text Appearing Before Image:
forced march.We are headed in the direction of Valley Forge, and arrive at thisland of desolation late in the afternoon where we remain over nightand retire to our couches on the bare, frozen ground rolled up inovercoats and blankets, then pass to peaceful slumber while gazing atthe starry heavens. The bugle calls at the usual early hour on March 10. Thenorders are sent to Chef Schaffer for quail on toast, hot biscuit,pancakes, and maple syrup, ham and eggs, etc. But Schaffer turnsdown these orders, so we are content with plain coffee, hardtack,and bacon, then continue the march until a late hour and put upat another hotel run on the army plan where all secure quarters onthe first floor. At 10 oclock on the following morning we reachMossy Creek, Tenn., and go into camp. MOSSY CREEK, TENNESSEE. At this camp Simon P. Conrad, of Paris township, is detailedfor guard duty on the ammunition train where he remains untilthe close of the war, after eighteen months service with the com-pany. 84

Text Appearing After Image:
\(l~- Rolled up in Overcoats and BlanketsAll pass to slumber while viewing the Starry Heavens Footprints Through Dixie March 13, Nicholas Hurford, of Paris township, is also de-tailed for this duty, where he remains until the close of the war,after eighteen months service with the company. Nick is missed in the ranks. He has a habit of taking the nega-tive side of questions raised by the oracles, thus prolonging thesearguments. A thorn to the flesh is Nick, forever throwing ice wateron our hopes of an early close to the war, an event we are hopingand longing for and often discuss in our travels. When Nick de-veloped into manhood he did a poor job in changing his voice andseemed to lose control of it. When under pressure of excitementhis voice leaves the grade and soars skyward and as quickly de-scends to a deep bass when the pressure is relieved. Considerablediscussion is carried on at times over the meaning of the termsunder which we enlisted, namely: Three years or during the war,u

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Manali Trip 2008

Manali Trip 2008 Image by DJ SINGH Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The …

Manali Trip 2008
The Great Fish River museum
Image by DJ SINGH
Manali, (alt. 1,950 m or 6,398 ft) in the Beas River valley, is an important hill station in the Himalayan mountains of Himachal Pradesh, India, near the northern end of the Kullu Valley. Manali is administratively a part of the Kullu district. The population is approx. 30,000. The small town was the beginning of an ancient trade route to Ladakh and, from there, over the Karakoram Pass on to Yarkand and Khotan in the Tarim Basin. Manali and its surrounding areas are of great significance to the Indian culture and heritage as it was the home and abode of the Saptarshi or seven sages. The ancient cave temple, Hidimba Devi Temple, is not far from town.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Geography
* 2 Demographics
* 3 Etymology
* 4 History
* 5 Transport
* 6 Tourism in Manali
o 6.1 Tourist Attractions
o 6.2 Places around Manali
o 6.3 Adventure Sports
* 7 Notes
* 8 References
* 9 External links

[edit] Geography

Manali is located at [show location on an interactive map] 32°10?N 77°06?E? / ?32.16, 77.1[1]. It has an average elevation of 2625 metres (8612 feet).

[edit] Demographics

As of 2001 India census[2], Manali had a population of 6265. Males constitute 64% of the population and females 36%. Manali has an average literacy rate of 74%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 63%. In Manali, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.

[edit] Etymology

Manali is named after the Brahmin lawgiver Manu. The word Manali literally means “the abode of Manu”. Legend has it that sage Manu stepped off his ark in Manali to recreate human life after a great flood had deluged the world. Manali is known as the "Valley of the Gods". The Old Manali village has an ancient temple dedicated to sage Manu.

[edit] History

In ancient times, the valley was sparsely populated by nomadic hunters known as "rakshas". The next arrivals were the shepherds who arrived from the Kangra valley and settled to take up agriculture. Some of the earliest inhabitants of the region are the ‘naur’ or ‘nar’, which is a caste unique to the Kullu valley. Only a few naur families are known to exist now. A naur family in the village Soyal near Haripur on the west bank of Manali was famous for the vast land they owned and their practice of having ‘rakshas’ as their labourers.

The British were responsible for introducing apples and trout which were not native to Manali. It is said that when apple trees were first planted the fruits were so plentiful that often branches, unable to bear the weight would collapse. To this day apple along with plum and pear remains the best source of income for the majority of its inhabitants.

Tourism in Manali received a real boost after the rise of militancy in Kashmir in the late 1980s. This once quiet village was transformed into a bustling town with hundreds of hotels and restaurants.

[edit] Transport
Mall street, Manali

Manali is well connected by road to Delhi through NH-21 which goes on the Leh and is the world’s highest motorable road.[citation needed] Leading up to Manali from New Delhi are the towns of Panipat and Ambala in Haryana, Chandigarh(Union Territory), Ropar in Punjab, and Bilaspur, Sundernagar, and Mandi in Himachal.

Manali is not easily approachable by rail. The nearest broad gauge railheads are at Chandigarh (315 km), Pathankot (325 km) and Kalka (310 km). The nearest narrow gauge railhead is at Joginder Nagar (135 km)

The nearest airport is at Bhuntar, which is about 50 km from Manali. The only private airline in the region is Jagson Airlines. Offlate services have been started by Air Deccan as well as Indian Airlines who fly daily to Bhuntar Airport.

[edit] Tourism in Manali
Traditional home, Manali, 2004
River Beas and mountains as seen from Van Vihar
A view of Rohtang Pass in Manali
Mountain ranges in Manali
Bridge in the middle of town with prayer flags
Buddha Statue at Buddhist monastery
Image:Snowfallinmanali.JPG
A view of Circuit House Road covered in snow

[edit] Tourist Attractions

Manali is a popular Himalayan tourist destination and accounts for nearly a quarter of all tourist arrivals in Himachal Pradesh. It is visited by many trekkers who follow the hashish trail. Manali’s charas is considered to be the best in India. The valleys provide natural U.V lights as fields are high up the mountain and high grade grows directly from the sunlight.ala. Manali’s cool atmosphere provides a perfect haven for the ones afflicted by the hot Indian summers. It is famous for adventure sports like skiing, hiking, mountaineering, para gliding, rafting, trekking, kayaking, and mountain biking. It also offers hot springs, spectacular religious shrines and temples, Tibetan Buddhist temples, and trekking in the surrounding mountains.

Naggar Fort south of Manali is a reminder of the 1500 year old Pal Dynasty. Made from rocks, stones, and elaborate wood carvings, it is an ensemble of the rich and elegant artworks of Himachal. The castle was later converted to a rest house and luxury hotel. Tourists often stop at the castle to see the small shrine located in the building’s courtyard, a fine example of architecture and design from the Pal Dynasty.

The often visited site in Manali is the Dhungri or Hadimba Temple. Erected in 1533, this temple is dedicated to the local deity Hadimba, wife of the Pandava prince, Bhim. A major festival is held here in the month of May. The temple is noted for its four-storeyed pagoda and exquisite wooden carvings.

Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. With the highest concentration of Tibetan refugees in the entire Kullu valley, it is famous for its Gadhan Thekchhokling Gompa, built in 1969. The monastery is maintained by donations from the local community and through the sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop

The smaller and more modern Himalayan Nyingamapa Gompa stands nearer the bazaar, in a garden blooming with sunflowers. Its main shrine, lit by dozens of electric bulbs and fragrant with Tibetan incense, houses a colossal gold-faced Buddha, best viewed from the small room on the first floor.

The Museum of Traditional Himachal Culture, near the Hadimba temple, is worth a visit, which houses artifacts of folk art of the entire Kullu valley.

[edit] Places around Manali

Rohtang Pass, at an altitude of 13,050 feet above sea level, is another adventure tourist site where it can be cold even on a summer day. It is the highest point on the Manali-Keylong road and provides a wide panoramic view of mountains rising far above clouds, which is truly breath taking. Close by is a small lake called Dassaur Lake. Beas Kund, the source of river Beas, is also nearby. In winter, the road of Rothang Pass is closed.

Rahala waterfalls: About 16 km from Manali at the start of the climb to the Rohtang Pass, are the beautiful Rahalla Falls at an altitude of 2,501 m.

Monasteries: Manali is known for its shiny gompas or Buddhist monasteries. It is maintained by donations from the local community and by sale of hand-woven carpets in the temple workshop.

Rani Nala – 46 km from Manali, it is the glacier point where snow is available throughout the year.

Vashist Hot Water Springs and Temple: Around 3 km from Manali, across the Beas river is Vashist, a small village with natural sulphur springs. Modern bathhouses,now closed, due to a conflict with the elders of the village and Manali council. Vasistha [3] a sage narrated Yoga Vasishtha an ancient scripture to Rama. A unique and an extremely profound discourse, that provides innumerable insights and secrets to the inner world of consciousness. This extremely huge scripture covers all the topics that relate to the spiritual study of a seeker. Vaishisht, also boasts a pair of old stone temples, opposite each other above the main square. Dedicated to the local patron saint Vashista, the smaller of the two opens on to a partially covered courtyard, and is adorned with elaborate woodcarvings those lining the interior of the shrine, blackened by years of oil-lamp and incense smoke, are particularly fine. In this ornate quadrangle is the resting place of the local and transient sadhus, drinking chai, and smoking chillums with whoever will join them in reverence to The Lord Shiva and Guru Vashshist. The temple baths are separated into male and female and the water is often unbearably hot.

Solang valley, popularly known as Snow Point, is 13 km northwest of Manali and famous for its 300-meter ski lift. It is a picturesque spot and offers splendid views of glaciers and the snow-capped mountains. Jagatsukh, the former capital of Manali, is also an important spot.

At a distance of 3 km northwest of Manali is Old Manali, famous for its orchards and old guesthouses. There is ruined fort here by the name of Manaligarh. There is also the Manu Maharishi Temple, dedicated to sage Manu.

Manikaran: 85 km from Manali and 45 km from Kullu, lies in the Parvati Valley. Here icy cold waters of the Parvati river co-exist with hot-water springs side-by-side. The springs are known for their healing properties.

[edit] Adventure Sports

Skiing is a major pastime in Manali. Facilities for skiing are available at Solang Nullah (January-March) and Rohtang La (during summer). The Mountaineering Institute at Solang Nullah is a good training institute. Heli skiing is possible at the deep snowfields.
Skiing at Solang

The Mountaineering Institute and Allied Sports is about 3 km from the Mall and offers mountaineering and kayaking courses. Kayaking is possible on the Beas River.

There are several good hikes from Manali. The 12 km hike up the western banks of the Beas to the Solang Valley is noteworthy. Lama Dugh meadow is a 6 km hike up to the Manalsu Nala, west of Manali town.

For the best trekking expedition, take a trek from Solang Valley, on to Dhundhi and from there to Dussar lake and then onwards to Manali. This stretch will take you to places you would have only dreamt of. Pure, unadulterated adventure and fun. Be sure to have a good guide at your disposal who knows this area otherwise you would be lost forever. The trek would typically last for 5 days.

In the summers, several travel agencies organize paragliding on the slopes of the Solang Nullah. The charges generally include accommodation, food, equipment, and a guide, but not transport.

From May to July and, depending on the monsoons, from mid-September to mid-October, some basic rafting is possible on the Beas. The trips generally begin at Pirdi and continue 16 km down to Jhiri.

The HPTDC provides day permits for fishing. Permits can be obtained also at Patlikhul. Angling in the Kullu valley is possible at Larji, Katrain and Kasol.

Beas Kund is the lake from which the River Beas originates. It is considered holy and sacred. Besides being a holy pilgrimage place, it is a popular destination for trekking.
River Crossing over Beas is a popular sport in Manali

Manali is among the most popular adventure sports destinations in India. Manali offers opportunities for mountaineering, skiing, trekking, paragliding, white water rafting, river crossing and mountain biking. Yak skiing is a sport unique to this area.[4]. Manali also featured in Time magazine’s "Best of Asia" for its "Extreme Yak Sports".[4]

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa Image by South African Tourism This Nieu Bethesda image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa – Nieu Bethesda

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
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Posforth Gill Waterfall 4 – Valley Of Desolation

Posforth Gill Waterfall 4 Image by tubblesnap Posforth Gill, Valley of Desolation, Bolton Abbey. Had it to myself for over an hour! This Valley of Desolation image was automatically curated and published with WP Robot plugin – CLICK HERE to learn more about WP Robot for WordPress – a massive time and money saver.

Posforth Gill Waterfall 4
Valley of Desolation
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Posforth Gill, Valley of Desolation, Bolton Abbey. Had it to myself for over an hour!

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Owl House, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa

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Owl House, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa

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Ganora Guest Farm, Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Nieu Bethesda
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