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Image from page 260 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876) – The Great Fish River Museum

Image from page 260 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: andesamazonborac76orto Title: The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America Year: 1876 (1870s) Authors: Orton, James Subjects: Publisher: New York: Harper Contributing Library: Natural History Museum …

Image from page 260 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876)
The Great Fish River museum
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: andesamazonborac76orto
Title: The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America
Year: 1876 (1870s)
Authors: Orton, James
Subjects:
Publisher: New York: Harper
Contributing Library: Natural History Museum Library, London
Digitizing Sponsor: Natural History Museum Library, London

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ewhat it was when Wallace and Bates entered it twentyyears ago. It is the largest city on the largest river in theworld, and the capital of a province ten times the size ofNew York State. The enterprising, wealthy class consistsof Portuguese and pure Brazilians, with a few English,Germans, French, and North Americans. The multitude isan amalgamation of Portuguese, Indian, and Negro. Thediversity of races, and the mingled dialects of the Ama-zon and Europe, make an attractive street scene. Side byside we see the corpulent Brazilian planter, the swarthyPortuguese trader, the merry Negro porter, and the apa-thetic Indian boatman. Some of the more recent off-spring are dressed a la Adam before the fall; numberswear only a shirt or skirt; the negro girls who go aboutthe streets with trays of sweetmeats, on their heads areloosely yet prettily dressed in pure white, with massivegilded chains and earrings; but the middle and upperclasses generally follow Paris fashions. The mechanic Paea. 259

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Fruit Peddlers. arts are in tlie hands of free Ne-groes and Indians, mulattoes andmaraelncos.* Commerce is car-ried on almost exclusively byPorti:guese and other foreigners.Dry-goods come chiefly fromEngland and France; groceriesfrom Portugal; flour and hard-ware from the United States.The principal exports are rub-ber, cacao, coffee,t sugar, cotton,Brazil nuts, sarsaparilla, vanilla, farina, copaiba, tobacco,rum, hides, fish, parrots, and monkeys.:{: Para exceeds inthe number of its indigenous commodities any other portin the world, but the trade at jDresent is insignificant whenwe consider the vast extent and resources of the country.The city can never have a rival at the mouth of the Ama-zon, and is destined to become a great emporium. ButBrazilian legislation stands in the way. Heavy import du-ties are charged—from 35 to 45 per cent.; and on the 1stof January, 1868, it was ordered that 15 per cent, must bepaid in English gold. The consequence has been that goldhas risen from 28

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Image from page 480 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876)

Image from page 480 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876) Image by Internet Archive Book Images Identifier: andesamazonborac76orto Title: The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America Year: 1876 (1870s) Authors: Orton, James Subjects: Publisher: New York: Harper Contributing Library: Natural History Museum …

Image from page 480 of “The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America” (1876)
The Great Fish River museum
Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: andesamazonborac76orto
Title: The Andes and the Amazon :|bor across the continent of South America
Year: 1876 (1870s)
Authors: Orton, James
Subjects:
Publisher: New York: Harper
Contributing Library: Natural History Museum Library, London
Digitizing Sponsor: Natural History Museum Library, London

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About This Book: Catalog Entry
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variety. The great majority * Alligators are better travelers, being found .nbove the Falls of the Ma-deira, far up the Mamore and Beni. t Consequently the females almost exclusively are taken. The males aresmaller, and go by different names. Thus, the male of the large turtle iscalled Capitari; of the Tracaja, Anaiurt, or Taricaia, in Peru. (See p. 297.) Amazonian Fishes. 479 belong to the Cat-fish family (Siluridce), naked with bar-bels, and mainly to the group Pimelodina. The Lorica-7-ias, or cuirassed Silurids, are also comparatively numer-ous. Scale-fish seem tobe most abundant above the fallson the tributaries, and the skin-fish below. They are usu-ally captured by poisoning the water (as with baibasco ),and by means of spears, arrows, and hooks. A novel meth-od I witnessed on the Tapajos: two Indians di-agged a ca-noe lengthwise down stream, while a third followed afterwith a long palm-branch which provoked the fishes to leapout of the water, most of which fell into the canoe.

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The Pira-rucd. Pii-a-rucii, Payshi, or Anatto {Arapaima gigas), the Cod-fish of the Amazons, is the unixersal diet on the river, and,after rubber and cacao, the most important article of trade.It is sometimes found, but rarely, ten feet long, weighing300 pounds. It is covered with large, hard, red scales;has a smooth head, wide mouth, no barbels, and bands ofrasp-like teeth in various parts of the mouth. It aboundsin iagunes and clear water. Places, usually dry sand-banks. 480 The Andes and the Amazons. where salting this fish for the market is made a business,are called feitorias—about the only factories on the river.The fish is coarse, and not relished by foreigners. Pescada, a scaly, silvery fish, attaining six pounds, hasa delicious, white, flaky flesh, resembling fresh Cod-fish;abounds in the Solimoens and Tapajos. Tambaqui, calledGamitana on the Maranon {Myletes, one of the Gharaci-nidoB), is a very fine, large fish, found from the Negro tothe Ucayali. It is often a yard long,

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